Articles by P. Angeletti, European Space Agency, and M. Lisi, Telespazio

The development of multiple beams and reconfigurable antennas has always been tightly connected to that of beam-forming networks. The beam-forming network (BFN) is often the dominant component, the true “heart” of most multiple beams antennas. Beam-forming networks are complex networks used to precisely control the phase and amplitude of...