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Power dividers are very important components in microwave and millimeter-wave circuits. In recent years, there has been increasing demand for dual-frequency equipment due to the development of multiband technologies. Various power dividers operating at two or more frequencies based on lumped and distributed elements have been reported, 1-5 but...

Microwave filters are essential components in modern wireless communications systems. It is important to reduce their size and weight in order to integrate them with other components in a single chip system. 1 A main trend in filter design is a multilayer filter, which has a much better quality...

Most modern microwave communication systems require balanced components as well as unbalanced structures. In some wireless applications, such as dipole antennas, balanced LNAs, mixers, power amplifiers and so on, a balun frequently connects a bandpass filter with balanced components. 1,2 Recently, simple balun-BPFs and their design equations have been...

Modern mobile systems impose strict requirements for bandpass filters, such as small size, high selectivity, wide upper stopband, low insertion loss and cost. A planar microstrip elliptic-function BPF is a good choice for this purpose. BPF advances on the base of circular, square and triangular patch/ring resonators have been...

Research into ultra-wideband technology has risen dramatically since the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) authorized the frequency band of 3.1 to 10.6 GHz for commercial purposes. 1 A bandpass filter is a key component of a UWB wireless communication system. Many BPFs have been developed based on various kinds...

Some years ago CST introduced a frequency domain solver into CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® (CST MWS) in addition to its time domain solver. The company recognized that an ever increasing array of microwave/RF and high speed data applications required alternate solver technology in order to optimize speed and memory usage....

When this annual report was published a year ago, the reality of a global economic downturn had just begun to loom large. The banking and financial services sectors were the first to take a hit, but all industries, including the RF and microwave sector, were bracing themselves for the...

The High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS™) is a software tool for 3D full-wave electromagnetic field simulation. HFSS provides E- and H-fields, currents, S-parameters, and near and far radiated field results. Intrinsic to this engineering design tool is an automated solution process where users are only required to specify geometry,...

It goes without saying that components and sub-assemblies supporting today’s defense equipment, such as military radio receivers and counter-IED solutions, must be rugged, light and reliable. Increasingly critical, however, are a host of beyond-requisite demands that reflect today’s new military procurement and combat realities. One example is the dictum...

Sustained growth in wireless communications and greater demands for bandwidth place tremendous pressure on component manufacturers to provide high performance, surface-mount technology (SMT) packaged products. The market is seeking low-cost, SMT components for high volume printed circuit board (PCB) assembly flow, particularly for applications such as point-to-point (PTP) digital...