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TECHNICAL NOTE PROTECTION AGAINST DANGEROUS LIGHTNING STRIKES AND THEIR SECONDARY EFFECTS Abstract: Traditional methods of lightning protection may actually increase the likelihood of lightning-related damage. The answer to proper lightning protection lies not in channeling lightning, but in preventing the charge from accumulating in the first place. This article...

TECHNICAL FEATURE THREE-SAMPLER NETWORK ANALYZER CALIBRATIONS DRAGO KOSTEVC AND JOZE MLAKAR University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia Calibration is the most important aspect of measurement with a network analyzer. The standard method for network analyzer calibration is short-open-load-through (SOLT) calibration.1 For calibration of four-sampler analyzers, the use of self-calibrating procedures...

TECHNICAL FEATURE DESIGNING FOR POWER AMPLIFIER EFFICIENCY: STATISTICAL DESCRIPTION OF SIGNALS MICHAL ODYNIEC Agilent Technologies Inc. Santa Clara, CA Multichannel amplifiers have become ubiquitous in modern communications, including cellular, satellite and other wireless systems. While power efficiency is well understood for CW signals, the amplitude of multicarrier signals varies...

SPECIAL REPORT COMPATIBILITY ISSUES BETWEEN BLUETOOTH AND HIGH POWER SYSTEMS IN THE ISM BANDS Abstract: Much discussion has taken place over the last several years about the tremendous growth potential for low power microwave chip devices for low power, unlicensed communications within the 2450 MHz band. Techniques for wireless...

SPECIAL REPORT BLUETOOTH PUTS BITE ON MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS Abstract: Within a year, devices of all kinds - from laptops and cell phones, to PDAs and household appliances - will be capable of communicating and interoperating with one another using a new wireless networking technology called Bluetooth. Before this happens,...

TUTORIAL MULTILAYER PROTOTYPE AND SERIES PRODUCTION KLAUS-DIETMAR MULLER LPKF Laser & Electronics AG Garbsen, Germany Multilayers, or multilayer PCBs, are circuit boards made up of several (more than two) electrical layers (copper layers) superimposed on one another. The copper layers are bonded together by resin layers (prepreg). WHAT MANUFACTURING...

TUTORIAL TESTING DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS HELEN WRIGHT Agilent Technologies Liberty Lake, WA There is a fundamental tradeoff in communication systems. Simple hardware can be used in transmitters and receivers to communicate information. However, this method uses a lot of spectrum, which limits the number of users. Alternatively,...

AMPLIFIERS 750 W, Ku-band TWT Amplifier The model VZU-6997AB is a 750 W, compact traveling-wave tube (TWT) amplifier that operates across the 12.75 to 14.5 GHz frequency range. It offers high reliability and efficiency in a compact package, and is ideal for transportable and fixed earth station applications where...

INDUSTRY NEWS SEMX Corp.'s wholly owned subsidiary Polese Co., San Diego, CA, recently acquired the technology and assets of Engelhard Corp.'s electroless gold plating business in Anaheim, CA. Operations will continue in this facility until July, when the business will be relocated to San Diego. Specific terms of the...

NEW LITERATURE COMPANY NEWSLETTER This eight-page quarterly newsletter (Test & Measurement News) provides information about various products including lightwave, communication test, general purpose, RF and microwave, digital design and debug, and wireless test. It also includes Web site information as well as company news briefs and literature updates. Agilent...