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Modern electronics use time bases for a wide variety of applications. Communications systems rely on time bases for modulation and demodulation of data, GPS systems rely on them for accurate positioning, and a host of other applications rely on time bases to manage the flow of data within their...

In modern digital wireless communication systems, such as IS-95, PCS, W-CDMA, OFDM and so on, power amplifiers have progressed towards having a wide bandwidth and a large number of carriers. Recently, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation has become an attractive technique for transmitting information efficiently within a limited...

The quest for a low-noise, high-switching-speed synthesizer has become a common trend in modern wireless systems. A large division ratio is required for the feedback path of a conventional phase-locked loop (PLL) if microwave frequencies need to be synthesized. To mitigate the problem, an offset PLL architecture is often...

Class-E power amplifiers (PA) offer high efficiency. However, with broadband load networks, their harmonic performance degrades. This article introduces a practical implementation to achieve high harmonic suppression in a broadband class-E amplifier design by combining a parallel-circuit load network with a reactance compensation technique. A three-stage power amplifier is...

The speed to market is critical to the success of any RFIC company. With more and more wireless standards proposed and adopted, the design cycles are actually getting shorter. It puts a lot of pressure on the RFIC team to come up with the design faster. In the digital...

Signal sources play a key role in many microwave systems, with the quality of the microwave signal being particularly critical as the complexity of modulation increases. During its operation over nearly five decades, Sivers IMA has been responsible for the production of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO), dielectric resonator oscillators (DRO),...

In many commercial applications, particularly in the military and aerospace sphere, space is at a premium and component weight is a key consideration. In such situations, light weight and the flexibility afforded by modularity are key considerations, as is having a range of products to meet all requirements. To...

Two years ago a major US maker of two-way radios approached Times with this request: “Can you produce a cost-effective, fast mating, durable, long-life coax connector that offers steady RF performance if a mated pair is physically stressed?” The application is a high volume radio production final test. It...

Test and Measurement Catalog Agilent Technologies’ Interactive Test & Measurement Catalog 2008/09 is now available online. The new interactive catalog has enhanced features, including the ability to send an e-mail to a colleague that links to a specific page within the catalog. Users can bookmark pages for ease of...

Phase-locked Crystal Oscillator The PLXO-Series phase-locked crystal oscillators from EM Research are now available with significantly improved performance and smaller size. With the option of a surface-mount or connectorized package, PLXO offers several outputs: sine 7 dBm, 10 dBm, CMOS and PECL. The new smaller-sized surface-mount package (0.9 x...