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Matching microwave to components within a circuit has become more challenging for the circuit designer as operating frequencies and circuit complexity increase. Increasing use of thick film and thin film resistors as 50 terminations has answered the increased need for microwave circuit components in various wireless and telcom applications....

Wireless infrastructure designers must often contend with conflicting goals when developing new equipment for the base transceiver station (BTS) market. The components used in today's systems are frequently required to operate over multiple bands and under multiple modulation formats. The quest for higher performance, lower cost, component interchangeability and...

A family of Ultra-low ESR products has been introduced that set a new standard for low loss microwave performance. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) is half that of previous products. The series, designated UL (Ultra-low), is currently available in both 0603 and 0505 case sizes with addition parts to...

The data rate evolution necessary to meet new mobile telecommunication standards (9.6 kb/s for GSM, 115.2 kb/s for GPRS, 384 kb/s for EDGE and 2 Mb/s for UMTS) demands the use of wider bandwidth and bandwidth-efficient linear modulation techniques. Therefore, telecommunication manufacturers require improved specifications for 3G standards. In...

Advances in MIC and MMIC technology have motivated the demand for compact, high performance filters, diplexers and multiplexers used in microwave receiver systems. Combline bandpass filters have been in great demand because of their structural compactness and excellent wide stop-band performance. They are easy to fabricate in printed circuit...

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in studying microstrip lines with various periodic structures that prohibit wave propagation in certain frequency bands, including photonic bandgap (PBG) and DGS. 1-10 Each periodic structure has its own properties and advantages. DGS, which is realized by etching only a few areas...

The performance of communication systems, in both space and ground segments, is degraded by the nonlinearity of the power amplifiers that are operated in saturation to obtain higher efficiency. Linearizing is the technique used to improve the performance of communication systems when power amplifiers are operated in saturation. The...

Improving VSWR is typically an iterative trial-and-error exercise when utilizing either frequency or time domain information. For example, while circuit modifications which decrease time domain reflectometry (TDR) "bumps" (discontinuities) are generally a good thing, decreasing a specific TDR bump does not necessarily improve VSWR within a frequency band of...

Today's wireless world requires unrelenting technological innovation. From cell phones that take and send photos to homeland security, the demands on wireless designers for increasing complexity at lower prices and faster time-to-market are immense. Advances in electronic design automation (EDA) over the last decade have made possible dramatic improvements...

In order to test high power amplifiers used in today's cellular base station equipment it is sometimes necessary to perform automated switching of the high power amplifiers without shutting down the system to make the RF connection. The high power RF signal must be diverted from the main signal...