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Non-reciprocal ferrite devices are widely used in RF engineering as efficient means for rerouting and suppressing reverse signals. Ferrite devices for various applications are currently available for the entire microwave frequency band. However, the expanding utilization of RF and microwaves in wireless cellular and satellite communication systems revived the...

For many years switch filter banks have been designed as custom RF assemblies with long lead-time, large NRE charges and extreme custom packaging and specifications. A new modular approach to switch filter bank design has been introduced that provides the design engineer with the opportunity to maintain a custom...

Wireless device manufacturers today must fit a growing amount of functionality into continuously decreasing circuit board space. In particular, finding space for the antenna without compromising its performance characteristics has become a major challenge. The AccuWave™ 5800 antenna is an ultra-small tri-band device designed to provide full coverage of...

Electrical memory effects are defined as changes in amplitude and phase of distortion components caused by modulation frequency. There are several ways of measuring memory effects. One of the most common is to plot the phase and amplitude of the distortion parameters with respect to the tone spacing in...

Typical oscillator designs use a common-base or common-collector circuit for generating a negative resistance at one port, which is usually terminated with a parallel or series LC-resonant circuit. The main problems in this design are the bandwidth of the negative resistance, which cannot be easily extended over one frequency...

Multiple RF exciters feeding a broadband power amplifier and a broadband antenna system has become an increasingly popular form of system architecture throughout the frequency spectrum. This architecture, shown in Figure 1 , has several desirable features, the most popular of which is the reduced real estate requirement. Modern...

For about half a century the suppression effects of bandpass hard limiters on various combinations of signals and interference have attracted widespread interest. 1-4 Certain "rules of thumb" have accreted around a variety of theoretical results. The purpose of this article is to revisit issues of interpretation and to...

In the design of high frequency power amplifiers, one of the parameters is the stability of the active device. The stability of the active device is determined by the Rollet stability factor K. If K > 1, then the active device is unconditionally stable and the design of the...

Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio technology enables several important applications, including ground penetrating radar, imaging, location tracking and low cost, short-range communications. With the recent Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval of rules for operation of UWB devices under Part 15, devices aimed at these, and possibly other, applications will soon be...

Frequency synthesizers are used in a variety of communications and timing systems. Phase-locked loops (PLL) have been the "workhorse" of the majority of traditional synthesizers and clock generation circuits. However, there are other types of synthesis blocks available such as direct digital synthesizers (DDS), mixers, frequency doublers and dividers...