Industry News

Precision Test Cable Assemblies to 40 GHz

The Accu-Test™ products are a family of precision cable assemblies that are designed for use in the DC to 40 GHz frequency range, intended to facilitate accurate measurements and exhibit low loss characteristics at a competitive price for precision test and measurement applications. The family is currently comprised of...
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MIM Technology for RF Connector Production

When developing and producing complex RF connector housings, costs can be high and the process complex due to the sheer number of required machined metal components and the diversity of the necessary assembly. However, these difficulties can be overcome by employing molded injected metal (MIM) technology for connector manufacturing....
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Pulsed I-V for Nonlinear Modeling

Current-voltage characterization under suitably performed pulsed bias conditions can more closely approximate the dynamic behavior of transistors and diodes under large signal RF conditions. Some understanding of the basics and a relatively simple inst...
Accurate, nonlinear, active device models are critical to achieving design success for circuits such as power amplifiers, oscillators and mixers, using computer-aided engineering (CAE) software such as Agilent Technologies' Advanced Design System (ADS™), Applied Wave Research's Microwave Office™, Eagleware's Genesys™ or Ansoft's Serenade™. Prior work has made it clear...
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The Importance of Phase Accuracy in Differential VNA Measurements

The impact of phase errors in vector network analyzer measurements has become more significant with the increased use of balanced devices and non-50 Ω reference impedances. These significant phase errors are often traceable to calibration or de-em...
The rapidly increasing use of differential RF and microwave circuits has created many new measurement challenges. In S-parameter measurements, for example, transmission phase accuracy could often be ignored with little impact on specification-critical measurements. This is no longer true in the measurement of differential circuits, since seemingly small phase...
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Developing Sophisticated Models for Capacitors, Inductors and Other Passive Components

It is useful to model the non-ideal characteristics of capacitors, inductors and other passive components by using multi-element "schematics," where each element represents some portion of the device's behavior. Traditional models for these devices suf...
Traditional capacitor and inductor models have consisted of two or three elements (capacitor examples are shown in Figure 1 ). The two-element models provide a simple way to define the device. From a circuit designer's viewpoint, the two-element models may suffice for applications where the component is being used...
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Gold Stud Bumps in Flip-chip Applications

As power requirements and operating frequencies increase, more and more designs will look toward ball bumps as an interconnect solution. While solder has traditionally been the incumbent material for these bumps, its limitations have become manufacturi...
As this article is written, it is estimated that 90 to 98 percent of first-level IC interconnects are made using wire bonding technologies. The remaining connections are primarily bump, or flip-chip connections. This ratio is expected to remain the same for the foreseeable future. In general, it will be...
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AMS Radar Project Takes to the Air

In a contract worth approximately US$3 M, AMS, an equal shares joint venture between Finmeccanica of Italy and BAE Systems of the UK, has signed a contract with the Civil Aviation Authority of China (CAAC) to supply two mono-pulse versions of SIR-S, the AMS Mode-S Secondary Radar, to be...
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