White Papers

A phased-array antenna is made up of multiple individual radiating elements (antennas), each fed with an RF signal controlled through phase shifters in such a way that the radio waves from the separate antennas are added together to increase the radiation.

Modern wideband microwave systems often require a flat overall gain response with respect to frequency. Achieving this performance can be difficult, however, since most wideband microwave components exhibit a negative gain slope as the frequency increases.

Speed up development, verify best performance and start up series production with confidence. Doherty designs achieve high efficiency, greater linearity and increased output power. Get deep insight into your design with a dual-path, precisely synchronized source driving the Doherty amplifier and improve your yield.

Get fast, quality measurements without a large DAQ mainframe system. Read tips about how to select the right hardware and how to configure it to increase your reading speed. Optimize your DAQ system for throughput, scanning speed, and accuracy with help from this white paper.

Wireless communications technology has become a vital component of today’s information driven world. With so much reliance on it, it’s easy to forget how different the spectrum environment looked only a few decades ago. This shift has also pushed spectrum monitoring requirements well beyond what was previously the norm.

Power amplifiers (PAs) are responsible for increasing the strength of a signal with minimal added distortion. By providing enough signal strength to overcome over-the-air losses, PAs play a vital role in the RF/microwave front end of any communication system.

Whether mobile devices, Internet of Things, or industrial RF applications, the world runs on wireless. As a result, wireless testing is more important than ever before. But how do you balance thoroughness, speed, and budgets? Quipping "pick any two of the three" isn't a good answer.

De-embedding methods making significant structural assumptions have become popular in mm-wave fixtures because of the relative immunity to repeatability and standards availability problems at the DUT. The intrinsic errors, repeatability and configuration sensitivities are studied in this work with examples in the WR-10 and WR-2.2 bands.

Bundles of electrical cables in vehicles, aircraft, ships and buildings pose electromagnetic compatibility and interference challenges to the electrical design engineer. Due to their lengths, they are more likely to radiate or pick up irradiation than many other electrical components and systems.

To stay ahead of the competition, microelectronics engineers and manufacturing teams must continuously evaluate the best new methods to produce efficient PCBs. In this white paper, we’ll discuss the best methods and substrate material for consideration of rapid prototyping your designs.