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This article ties together the fundamenal definition of noise figure, equation-based analysis of cascade blocks involving mixers, and typical lab techniques for measuring noise figure. In this Part 1 we show how the cascaded noise figure equation is modified by the presence of one or mixers and we derive the applicable equations for a number of popular downconversion architectures. We continue this discussion in Part 2 of this series where we describe the Y-factor method of noise-figure measurement. In Part 2 we focus on the case of a mixer as the device under test in order to identify appropriate measurement methods for mixer noise figures that can be validly applied using the cascade equations derived in Part 1.
The new application note “Solutions for Design and Test of 8x8 LTE MIMO” is designed to help you get insight into solving tough measurement problems in a unique way for both the design and manufacturing environments by explaining how to combine simulation with test solutions to realize high-performance 8x8 MIMO designs.
Trying to increase battery life? Trying to be green or increase energy efficiency? If so, then current consumption is most likely one of your key concerns. Today's multi-tasking, battery-powered devices boast powerful processors, incorporate back-lit touch-screen displays, and have amassed multiple radio receivers and transmitters that are sending and receiving data at unprecedented rates.
This field brief will discuss phase-matching cables, S-parameter definitions as they apply to cable characterization and other cable parameters such as Phase Shift and Group Delay. Advanced Time-Domain measurements will also be presented as enhancements to the well-known Distance-to-Fault (DTF) techniques. In addition, diagnostic tools like the Smith Chart will be briefly described.
The primary goal of the MIMO OTA measurement system is to be able to compare Multi-antenna/MIMO devices and algorithms based on their throughput performances when tested against spatial channel models. All critical parts of the mobile terminal design (antennas, RF front-end, baseband processing) are tested in an end-to-end configuration. This document aims to present all the most relevant technical features of the MVG StarMIMO system relative to the MIMO OTA measurement technique with anechoic chambers.
The purpose of this application note is to review a portion of the wireless technology and focus on a line of amplifiers that has been optimized for wireless test use. This analysis can also be applicable to some additional portion of wireless technology.
This White Paper provides a general overview of different military and commercial radar systems. It also covers some typical measurements on such systems and their components.
This white paper presents the basic idea behind software defined radio (SDR) and provides an overview of the Rohde & Schwarz radios and further details of SDR test and measurement solutions offered by Rohde & Schwarz.
The scope of the subject has
expanded in the recent years in terms of
its technical evolution and spreading of
applications. This application note along
with its corresponding white paper
1MA207 show how to use the R&S radar
product portfolio to tackle test and
measurement tasks in modern radar
technology. Target groups are students
who want to become familiar with radar
issues as well as radar professionals who
want to solve certain test and
measurement tasks.
Engineers who test mobile power amplifiers and front end modules are looking for ways to reduce test cost through maximizing throughput while ensuring that the devices meet required performance levels. This application note discusses these complex issues and recommended solutions using the Agilent PXI M9381A Vector Signal Generator as an example.
