White Papers

Suspended substrate filter technology uses air cavity construction achieve high Q and avoid the adverse effects of dielectric materials used in traditional stripline construction. The resulting performance gives designers the advantages of wide passbands with low insertion loss and stopband rejection on the order of 100 dB with fast roll-off. This paper reviews the fundamentals of suspended substrate filters, key performance features and the unique manufacturing challenges associated with these useful building blocks for wideband systems.

5G deployments have only recently started, and releases beyond R15 will continue to tap into the tremendous potential of 5G. However, as a new generation of cellular technology typically appears every 8-10 years, 6G can be expected around 2030.

Arbitrary waveform generators or AWG’s come close to being universal signals sources. They are digitally based devices capable of generating any waveform, within published limits of bandwidth, memory length, accuracy, and output level. Sixteen bits of amplitude resolution are available with bandwidths from 70 to 600 MHz and output levels as high as 24 Vpp.

In this paper we discuss a commonly asked question, “Why not just integrate a filter in the board stack?” Besides overall filter performance concerns, our answer to this comes in two parts: First there are manufacturing tolerances to consider, and second there is size.

The 5G test industry requires improved reliability of cable assemblies to help improve test outcomes. A significant portion of a test system’s stability and repeatability is determined by the precise performance of microwave/RF cable assemblies. Engineers should understand how cable assemblies affect the test system to maximize and optimize overall performance.

5G networks will need to offer more capacity and flexibility while lowering the operational expenses of the system. Two new technologies can simultaneously address both the increase in capacity and the increase in energy efficiency: Virtualization & Massive MIMO. The white paper provides an overview of test solutions addressing current and future requirements for antenna verification including both conducted and over-the-air (OTA) test methods, which result from applying Massive MIMO antenna technology.

This is the second article of our three-part series on phased array antenna patterns. In Part 1, we introduced the phased array steering concept and looked at the influencers on array gain. In Part 2, we’ll discuss grating lobes and beam squint. Grating lobes can be hard to visualize, so we’ll draw on their similarity with signal aliasing in digital converters, then use that to think of a grating lobe as a spatial alias.

While the world’s militaries increasingly rely upon seamless wireless communication networks for multi-domain battlefield readiness, protecting these mission critical networks from disruption and catastrophic failure becomes paramount.

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radio is defined as any RF technology utilizing a bandwidth of greater than ¼ the center frequency or a bandwidth greater than 500 MHz [1] [2]. While UWB has been a known technology since the end of the 19th century, restrictions on transmission to prevent interference with narrow-band, continuous wave signals have limited its applications to defense and relatively few specially licensed operators [1].

The latest SDR modules offer SoC solutions with integrated I/O, ARM processors and FPGAs. Combining these attributes with superior signal integrity, phase-coherent sampling and multi-channel transceivers a COTS SDR system is an ideal choice for a 5G development platform. This article will familiarize the user with SDR using a multi-purpose COTS platform to reduce the time to market.