White Papers

LoRa, short for long range, is a low-power wide-area networking (LPWAN) technology operating in unlicensed ISM bands that is rapidly gaining traction within the internet of things (IoT). Devices deployed on LoRaWAN networks follow the LoRaWAN protocol specification as defined by the LoRa Alliance®, a technology alliance of more than 500 members.

RF inductor selection involves a number of key parameters including, mounting (surface mount or through-hole), inductance value, current rating, DC resistance (DCR), self-resonant frequency (SRF), Q factor, and temperature rating. While small size is typically desired, the laws of physics limit how small an inductor can be for a given application. Inductance value and current rating are the chief determinants of size. Once they have been calculated, other parameters can be optimized.

Most ADAS functions rely on radar sensors, and these safety-critical components must function correctly even under the most demanding of RF environments. This white paper describes a test procedure to replicate real life scenarios where the ADAS radar functions are activated during EMS testing and it contains some very interesting results.

RF data conversion systems are experiencing rapid changes as ADC and DAC performance specifications and form factors, along with new sensor technologies (Rx & Tx), continue to advance. One system level design problem has been consistent throughout—balancing the implementation tradeoffs between the analog and digital circuitry for maximum software/system flexibility (from sensor to the digital processing units’ input/output).

Get better signal generation for electronic warfare in multi-emitter environments. Our flexible, high-fidelity solutions offer an alternative that will help you with accuracy and productivity. Download the EW Signal Generation application note today to learn about new technological approaches.

Accurate modeling and fast simulation of integrated passives on chips with growing RF content is critical. Read this Cadence white paper to learn how you can get highest-in-class accuracy and 10X faster EM simulation with foundry-certified technology.

5G is now and what’s next? As a new generation of cellular technology typically appears every 8-10 years, 6G can be expected around 2030. Download this white paper to explore the evolution from 5G to 6G from a service, air interface and network perspective.

The Wilkinson Power Divider, designed by Ernest Wilkinson in the 1960s, uses quarter wave transformers to split an input signal into two equal phase output signals. Since the design is reciprocal, Wilkinson Power Dividers can also be used as a power combiner. With this flexibility, they are widely used in many RF and microwave communication systems, including those with multiple channels or complex feed networks.

The family of ZNB vector network analyzers (VNA) from Rohde & Schwarz are the perfect instruments for analyzing RF amplifier small signal linear and non-linear performance. This application note presents information on how to configure and use the R&S® ZNB vector network analyzer to successfully make accurate and quick measurement of basic RF amplifier parameters.

With the rapid growth of wireless communication and sensing, there has been increased development of technologies at ever higher frequencies or smaller wavelengths. For example, high bandwidth communication addressed in the 5th Generation (5G) cellular network standards has motivated the opening of spectrum within the K and Ka bands (18-40 GHz). Whether repurposing existing lower frequency materials or developing new higher-frequency optimized materials, component developers need accurate material properties to use in their component designs.