Designing high-frequency microwave circuits and, with increasing frequency, millimeter-wave frequencies require for the most part laying out carefully conceived transmission lines to carry those high-frequency signals across a printed-circuit board (PCB). Of course, if the task of fabricating the PCB was simply a matter of adding circuit elements, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, to create the necessary frequency-domain/time-domain response for the PCB, it might go somewhat easier. But every PCB with high-frequency transmission lines must also manage any number of circuit discontinuities and junctions. Since these and similar discontinuities can be found on all but the simplest of RF/microwave circuits, the question is “How can the effects of these discontinuities be minimized through the thoughtful choice of PCB material?”
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