Articles by Mark Elo, Keithley Instruments

There are many analyzers available in the market today. Some are very specialized, while others offer more generic radio measurement capability; some are called spectrum analyzers, while others are called signal analyzers. All measure and display frequency vs. amplitude. In our cost-conscious industry, you need to get the best...

Commercial radio technology has reached an inflection point, similar to the transition from analog to digital, when we invented a whole range of digital technology; now we’re moving from single carrier technologies, where we transmit one digital symbol at a time, to a new paradigm, where we’re potentially transmitting...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a form of digital modulation used in a wide array of communications systems. This paper will explain what OFDM is, why it’s important, where it’s used, and what test instrumentation is required to maintain it. Perhaps we should first explain what is so...