Subsystems and Systems

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Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) has proven itself over the years as a simple yet extremely valuable tool in measurements ranging from BER and SINAD testing to wireless link emulation and the overall characterization of communications receiver performance. The unique characteristics of AWGN are becoming even more useful now...

Determining cross-modulation interference is an important factor in the design of a code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile transceiver. The cross-modulation interference level directly affects the performance of the receiver's ability to overcome the spurious interferences, such as what the IS-98 1 calls single tone desensitization. A few papers...

This article continues the trend of previous publications, 1,2 to simplify the prediction of RF performance of systems designed for wireless digital communications. The first shows the correlation between sidelobes and intermodulation (IM) products. Sidelobes are the result of the spectrum re-growth when a digitally modulated signal is applied...

A new Radio On a Chip (ROC) has been developed to meet the needs of the emerging short range and low data rate wireless link market. The HRF-ROC093XC ROC has been introduced for wireless, digital data applications in a broad arena of industries. This radio operates in the 902...

The satisfaction that mobile phones can provide is highly dependent on their autonomy. Three factors can be easily identified which have a strong influence on autonomy: the power consumption of the mobile phone, the intensity of the electromagnetic field near the mobile and the battery capacity. The first of...

The gigahertz transverse electromagnetic mode (GTEM) cell was first proposed in 1987 1 and subsequently patented in 1989 by D. Konigstein and D. Hansen 2 as a high frequency variant of the transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM) cell, which is also known as the Crawford cell. 3 The GTEM cell...

As the wireless industry moves to implementation of 3G standards, wireless service providers are looking for ways to make the transition with the most rapid time-to-market and minimized design cost of new equipment. The TXC Series transmitting converters are designed for this environment, and allow base transceiver station (BTS)...

Splitting an RF input signal within a VCR or television was never much of a design challenge for manufacturers when the signal was analog. That changed dramatically, however, when CATV systems made the transition from analog to digital to provide addressability, video on demand, Internet access and other services....

From the time a Department of Defense (DoD) program lands on the classified "secret" document known as the Master Urgency List (MUL), most orders placed to complete that program will have a priority rating. Most contractors and subcontractors who deal with these orders must therefore have a working understanding...

Broadband synthesizers based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology have traditionally led the industry in frequency agility and switching performance, but have also led in high NRE and recurring costs. These high costs stem from the custom nature of DDS-based synthesizers and have resulted in digital synthesizers being primarily...