Antennas

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In recent applications of telecommunications and remote sensing at radio, microwave and terahertz frequencies, the exploitation of ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas is growing steadily. 1 In subsurface prospecting, for example, they can provide higher imaging resolution and better target characterization. 2 The design and analysis of such high performance antennas...

For specific applications, there is a need for materials or composite structures which can reflect and/or absorb the electromagnetic (EM) energy incident upon them in a desired or controllable fashion. Such reflective EM absorbing/reflecting materials 1-3 are useful in designing smart radar cross-section (smart RCS) surfaces and radio frequency...

The detonation by the United States of a nuclear warhead 30,000 feet above Johnston Atoll in July 1962 lit up the night sky above the Hawaiian Islands, 800 miles away. It also created a power surge that shut down the streetlights and phone system of Oahu as well as...

In the world of portable electronics, antennas are problematic. They need to be small, light weight and possess the ability to perform well in a variety of conditions. It also helps if they can be neatly integrated into the product without protrusions that can be easily damaged or broken...

The gigahertz transverse electromagnetic mode (GTEM) cell was first proposed in 1987 1 and subsequently patented in 1989 by D. Konigstein and D. Hansen 2 as a high frequency variant of the transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM) cell, which is also known as the Crawford cell. 3 The GTEM cell...

Measuring far field antenna patterns requires separating the transmit antenna and the antenna under test (AUT) by a large distance in order to minimize the field amplitude and phase variations across the test aperture. When the AUT is many wavelengths across, the far field distance becomes quite large. Thus,...

Wireless communication applications have really taken off over the past two decades. In addition to voice services, wireless systems are now also handling an increasing volume of data traffic, with a demand for high transmission capacities. To provide these capacities, mobile radio cells (AMPS, GSM, PCS and UMTS) are...